Outline Current Legislation Affecting the Safeguarding of Children and Young People Essay

â€Å"Safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children is defined as: †¢protecting children from maltreatment †¢preventing impairment of children’s health or development †¢ensuring children are growing up in circumstances consistent with the provision of safe and effective care. â€Å" (Dept for Education www.education.gov.uk) There are numerous laws and guidelines in place which aim to protect children from harm, and promote their health and wellbeing. The need for improved legislation has been highlighted by high-profile cases, such as the death of Maria Colwell in 1973 and, more recently, Victoria Climbià © in 2000. These cases shocked the nation and showed weaknesses in procedures. These policies are constantly reviewed and amended so it is important to keep up to date with these changes. The Children Act 1989 This Act identifies the responsibilities of parents and professionals who must work to ensure the safety of the child. This Act includes two important sections which focus specifically on child protection. Section 47 states that the Local Authority has ‘a duty to investigate when there is a reasonable cause to suspect that a child is suffering, or likely to suffer, significant harm’. Section 17 states that services must be put into place to ‘safeguard and promote the welfare of children within the area who are in need’. The Education Act 2002 This outlines the role of Local Education Authorities (LEAs), governing bodies, head teachers and all those working in schools to ensure that children are safe and free from harm. The Children Act 2004 This is not a replacement of the Children Act 1989. This provides the legal framework for Every Child Matters and sets out the process for providing services in a way which allows every child to achieve the five outcomes of Every Child Matters (described below). It requires local authorities to lead multi-agency children’s trusts, to develop a children and young people’s plan, and to set up a shared database containing information relevant to a child’s welfare. This allows all the organisations involved in children’s welfare to access relevant information and work together to provide the best possible service. Childcare Act 2006 This act aimed to transform early years and childcare services in England. Local authorities are required to: †¢Improve the Every Child Matters outcomes for pre-school children †¢Provide sufficient quality childcare for working parents. †¢Provide a better Parent Information Service. Every Child Matters This was launched in 2002, at least partly in response to the death of Victoria Climbià ©. It is one of the most important policy initiative and development programmes in relation to children and children’s services of the last decade. It has been the title of three government papers, leading to the Children Act 2004. Every Child Matters covers children and young adults up to the age of 19. Its main aims are for every child, whatever their background or circumstances, to have the support they need to: †¢Be healthy  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Stay safe †¢Enjoy and achieve †¢Make a positive contribution †¢Achieve economic well-being Each of these themes has a detailed framework attached whose outcomes require multi-agency partnerships working together to achieve. The agencies in partnership may include children’s centres, early years, schools, children’s social services, primary and secondary health services, and Child and Adolescent Mental Health services (CAMHS). In the past it has been argued that children and families have received poorer services because of the failure of professionals to understand each other’s roles or to work together effectively in a multi-disciplinary manner. Every Child Matters seeks to change this, stressing that all professionals working with children should be aware of the contribution that could be made by their own and each others’ services. Protecting children from harm can be best achieved by effective joint and partnership working between agencies. Working Together to Safeguard Children This provides guidance on what you should do if you have concerns about the welfare of a child. It also recommends ways of working for people who work with young people and their families. What to do if You’re Worried a Child is Being Abused (DfES 2003) This is a guide for practitioners, helping them understand how to work together to promote children’s welfare and protect them from harm. It reinforces Every Child Matters by stressing the importance of joint working. United Nations Convention in The Rights of The Child 1989 This treaty sets out the rights and freedoms of all children in a set of 54 articles. Included in those rights are those which ensure that children are safe and looked after. Article 19 states children’s rights to be ‘protected from all forms of physical or mental violence, injury or abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, maltreatment or exploitation including sexual abuse by those looking after them’. Those countries which signed up to the Treaty, including the UK in 1991, are legally bound to implement legislation which supports each of the articles.

The Legacy of Louis Leakey

The search for the explanation of human origins is the goal and often life long commitment of many Anthropologists. Every time a major discovery is made we move closer to discovering a piece of the puzzle that is human evolution. Major contributions have been made by a number of men and women. Some of the more famous names like Raymond Dart, and Tim White are known for the huge discoveries they made. However, no name is more famous in the search for human origins then Leakey. The Leakey legacy began with Louis Leakey more then seventy years ago when he graduated from Cambridge University. Mary Leakey became part of the legacy with her marriage to Louis in 1934. Richard Leakey, son of Mary and Louis, and his wife Meave Leakey further added to the accomplishments of his family by following in his parents footsteps. It is the amazing dedication of each member in the Leakey family that separates them from other anthropologists, and makes them the greatest contributors in the search for an explanation to our past. Louis Leakey was born near Nairobi, Kenya in 1903. His birth was the beginning of a family legacy in Archeology that still continues today. Some people say he was born to be an archaeologist. L. Leakey went to school at Cambridge University, majoring in Anthropology. After graduating in 1926, Leakey got a job as an African expert on an archaeological mission to Tanzania. Afterward, he returned to Cambridge to continue his studies of Anthropology. While studying again at Cambridge Louis began to develop his view that early man had developed in Africa. Louis left Cambridge returning again to Tanzania to study the Olduvai Gorge and the Homo sapiens skeleton. He was amazed with his work at Olduvai but decided he could always come back so he left to go on his own expeditions. Louis Leakey was now 23 and studying many sites where he found many interesting things, such as tools, bones and other artifacts. A few years of this fieldwork gained Leakey honorable recognition from other archaeologists, and subsequently he was awarded with a two year Fellowship at St. John†s College in England. Louis was now a very busy man, he published his first book The Stone Age Cultures of Kenya Colony during this time. Also, while working at St. John†s Leakey got a grant to return to Olduvai Gorge. Louis Leakey was beginning to become a big name in the world of Archeology. Working at Olduvai Gorge he discovered the oldest Homo sapiens in the world. However, many people had begun to contradict his theories on human origins and their roots in Africa. Louis continued to make discoveries in Africa where he found older skulls that could be proved of their age. On returning to England, Louis was shocked to find out that his reputation was in great danger. However, these doubts did not last long after he argued his reputation back at a conference in Cambridge. People were once again starting to believe in his discoveries. Louis Leakey†s problems were not over after the conference in Cambridge. In 1936 he encountered financial problems, so he was forced to write his autobiography, White Africa. That book along with another, about the Kikuyu culture, was enough to bring him out of debt. At this same time he met his wife to be, Mary Nicol. Mary was also interested in human origins and would go on to further enhance the Leakey legacy (see later section focused on Mary Leakey). In 1939 Leakey became a Civilian Intelligence Officer for the Kenyan government, and was later drafted to the African Intelligence Department. At the end of WWII his work included collecting information for the government as a spy. In June of 1947, Leakey returned to Archaeology at an excavation site on Rusinga Island. He discovered the first Proconsul skull with a complete face in 1949. Unfortunately for Leakey this was not the missing link, but it was a link between monkey and ape. The discovery also blessed Louis with an increase of research funds. With the much-needed money Leakey continued work at Rusinga where he found more artifacts, and more Proconsul remains. In 1951 Louis decided to return to the site were he began his work. He and Mary went back to the Olduvai site, here he searched for the man that created tools. This is where Louis would make his greatest discovery. In 1959 his excavations paid off, Leakey and his wife found a new skeleton that he called â€Å"Zinj†. The skeleton was put on display at the fourth Pan African Congress where it caused madness among the people there. It also caused Louis and Mary some new worldwide fame, and a considerable amount of money to continue excavation work at Olduvai. In his final years Louis worked at the Corynkon Museum and Mary took over the excavation with Louis visiting in all of his free time. Louis died in 1972 of a heart attack at the age of 69. Louis had only begun to uncover the many mysteries that the Leakeys are known for. His wife Mary continued the work he started and began her own legacy with many new discoveries. Mary D. Leakey was born Mary Nicol on February 6, 1913 in London, England. She lived a difficult childhood which saw her growing up in a number of different countries, and finally in Dorgogne. It was there at the age of eleven that her interest was sparked in prehistory after meeting Abbe Lemozi, who was excavating at the Cavrerets. Upon her father†s death in 1926, Mary†s life changed drastically. Her mother sent her to Catholic convent after convent where she was repeatedly expelled. Although Mary†s childhood education was not all that impressive, she vowed to earn a degree in prehistory after seeing the caves of Dorgogne. As a result of amazing determination, she began attending lectures at the University of London concerning archaeology and geology. Mary†s first opportunity to enter the field occurred when her incredible drawing skills were discovered by Dr. Gertrude Canton-Thompson who asked her to illustrate her book The Desert Fayoum. Dr. Canton-Thompson changed Mary†s life forever by arranging for her to meet Louis Leakey while he was giving a talk at the Royal Anthropologists Institute. Mary impressed him with her illustrations from The Desert Fayoum and he in turn asked her to illustrate his book, Adam†s Ancestors. Her acceptance was the beginning of a relationship that only grew from there. In May of 1934, Mary began her first important excavation at Hembury Fort in Devon. Mary learned many things from her leader Dorothy Liddell, who was an expert in excavation techniques. In the September of the same year, Mary began her own excavation at Jaywick Sands near Clacton in Essex and also published her first scientific paper. Mary joined her husband to work at Olduvai Gorge from 1935 to 1959. Together they worked to reconstruct many Stone Age cultures dating as far back as 100,000 to two million years ago. Their documentation of stone tools covered primitive stone-chopping instruments to multi-purpose hand axes. In 1947, Mary and Louis unearthed a Proconsul africanus skull on Rusinga Island. The twenty million-year-old skeleton led to Mary and Louis jointly being awarded the Stopes Medal from the Geological Association. Mary continued work with her husband making numerous discoveries. In 1959 they discovered a 1. 75 million-year-old Australopithecus boisei skull. Not long after that discovery, a less robust Homo habilis skull and bones of a hand were found. Both fossils were believed to be of stone-tool peoples. Continued efforts blessed them with the uncovering of a Homo erectus cranium in 1965. The sample is thought to be one million years old. Mary made her first trip to the United States in March of 1962, when she and Louis once again jointly receive honors with the Gold Hubbard Medal (the highest honor from the National Geographic Society). Mary continued her amazing career by earning her first Honorary Degree from the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. Mary†s life was turned upside down in 1972 when Louis died. Mary decided to continue the work her husband loved so much, and proceeded on with work at Olduvai and Laetoli. It was at Laetoli where she discovered Homo fossils more than 3. 75 years old, fifteen new species and one new genus. Mary†s greatest achievement was the discovery of the famous Laetoli hominid footprint trail, which was left in volcanic ashes 3. 6 million years ago. Mary and her staff worked for years to uncover the footprint. The find at Laetoli was huge in the argument for bipedalism in hominids. The years that followed were filled with research at Olduvai and Laetoli, the follow-up work and preparing publications. Mary retired in 1984, and spent the rest of her time writing until her death in 1996 at the age of 83. Mary†s death could have signified the end of the Leakey legacy. However, Mary and Louis†s son Richard has followed right behind his parents and continued the Leakey tradition. Richard Leakey was raised by the world†s best-known archaeologists. He grew up observing and tracking Africa†s rich diversity of wildlife while his parents were discovering ancient pre-human bones in Tanzania†s Olduvai Gorge. Richard left high school at the age of seventeen to begin a career working with wildlife and leading a photographic safari company. Richard eventually began to focus more on Archaeology and in 1968 he made his first important fossil finds when his team uncovered unusually well preserved ancient human remains in Kenya†s Lake Turkana region. In the same year, Leakey, then only 23, was hired as director of the National Museum of Kenya which, over the course of 21 years, he was to build into one of the most respected museums in Africa. In 1984, Richard and his â€Å"Hominid Gang† of fossil hunters discovered fragments of a boy†s skull that were more then 1. 5 million years old. They soon unearthed virtually the entire skeleton of what was dubbed the â€Å"Turkana Boy†, which is recognized as one of the most significant paleoanthropological discoveries of all time. In 1970, Richard married Meave Leakey who he had worked with for about a year at the Koobi Fora site on the eastern shore of Lake Turkana. They had two children, Louise and Samira, in 1972 and 1974 respectively. Meave became the final ingredient in the Leakey legacy. As well as continuing with the fieldwork at Turkana, Meave†s research has focused on the evolution of east African fossil mammals and mammalian faunas as documented in the Turkana basin. Meave became the coordinator of the National Museum†s palaeontological field research, when Richard Leakey left his job as Director of the National Museum to take over the management of Kenya†s wildlife. She has focused her work on sites between 8 and 4 million years old. Her work led to the 1994 discovery of the earliest known hominids. These finds represent a new species, Australopithecus anamensis, likely an ancestor of afarensis. Richard and Meave still to this day are carrying on the Leakey tradition of excellence in Archaeology. Louis, Mary, Richard, and Meave Leakey truly are the greatest Anthropologists to ever share one name. Between them they have made countless discoveries which each dramatically contributed to our understanding of human origins. The Leakey tradition is one of dedication, honor, and amazing accomplishment. Their involvement in our search for an explanation of human evolution has truly become a legacy. The Leakey legacy will always be remembered as the greatest contribution to the search for answers.

Gwen Harwood: Father and Child Essay

The couplet Father and Child from Gwen Harwood explores ideas of power and oppression. Barn Owl, the first poem portrays the effect of authority and the destruction that can occur when people are oppressed. In Nightfall Harwood examines how equality and mutual maturity can develop serenity and harmony. Due to these underlying concepts of authority and rebellion the couplet can be viewed through a Marxist perspective and it examines the effects of autocracy. Although Harwood was never publicly Marxist through her criticism of oppression it is possible to believe that she held similar worldview to that of a Marxist standpoint. In the beginning of Barn Owl the reader witnesses the child, â€Å"a horny fiend†, attempt to escape the oppression under her father â€Å"who is robbed of power by sleep†. Although there is no pretext given for the poem the reader can assume that she seeks to escape her overpowering father. In order to free herself from her father’s authority she needed to become the â€Å"master of life and death† by demonstrating her authority over the innocent bird. Harwood’s metaphor of the levels of authority with the father highest, followed by the child and ending with the bird reflects a non-communist society in which people are in social classes. Similar to a Capitalist culture, ultimately it is the working class, in Harwood’s metaphor the owl, who suffers under the persecution of those in higher social classes. Ultimately these ideas of power and authority cause destruction and suffering. Nightfall, the second poem in the couplet exhibits a shift in authority, where the father and child are equals. The child, now an adult has experienced the world and views her father’s authority as â€Å"ancient innocence†, no longer seeking to rebel, as in the first poem, and instead grieves the loss of her â€Å"stick-thin comforter.† As she reflects on her father’s life, she describes his â€Å"marvellous journey†. These comments are words of commendation and respect a clear shift from Barn Owl, where she seeks to reb. The peaceful death described by the words â€Å"your night and day are one†, contrasts the â€Å"obscene† and â€Å"cruel† murder of the owl in Barn Owl. Ultimately Harwood reflects on the idea that equality provides peace. Harwood never out rightly claimed to be Marxist, however the couplet Father and Child portrays underlying ideas similar to that of a Marxist worldview. Throughout both poems Harwood repeats words often associated with power and a capitalist society such as â€Å"master†, â€Å"wisp-haired judge†, â€Å"exalts† and â€Å"king†. The ending of both poems are also similar as they both end with a death. Although the death of the owl was horrific and tragic and the father’s death was peaceful, it is death all the same. Perhaps by repeating concepts of power and death Harwood is trying to draw the audience to a connection between both. She may be outlining the idea that an attempt to seek power and authority can lead to a death which â€Å"no words, no tears can mend†. This can be interpreted as critiquing a society in which power and influence are the goals, not seeking relationships or community. Father and Child is a representation of the influence of authority. In Barn Owl the audience witnesses a cycle of oppression where the weakest individuals are victims. However, Nightfall exhibits a shift in authority as the father and child are equal leading to peace. Throughout the entire piece the author repeats ideas of power and authority subtly questioning the value of a society where control is the ultimate goal, not the nurturing of relationships and the development of a community in which all people are treated as equals.

SARS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SARS - Essay Example Other members of the coronavirus group are known to cause common cold and croup in humans (Ramanujan K, 2009). SARS has gained attention for the fact that within a few weeks it spread from the Guangdong province of China and infected human population in 37 countries around the world (Smith, 2006). Signs and Symptoms: Initial symptoms with coronavirus (SARS-CoV) encompass flu like fever, Myalgia, lethargy, gastrointestinal symptoms, cough, sore throat and other vague symptoms. The symptoms common to all patients is fever above 38 C, shortness of breath. Symptoms do not occur immediately but appear within 2-10 days following exposure and about 10-20% cases require mechanical ventilation. History: Infection by SARS-CoV (called as SARS-associated coronavirus) was first identified in Hong Kong, US and Germany (Ksiazek, Drosten, Peiris 2003a, Poutanen). It was first observed in Chinese province of Guangdong and was internationally reported on 11th February 2003 (WHO, WER 11/ 2003). Initially it was assumed to be associated to a newly emerged influenza virus.

MARKETING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

MARKETING - Essay Example HFSS refers to foods high in fats, sugars, and salts. This key marketing issue aligns with the advertising appeal strategy (Zou and Fu, 2011: 116). According to this theory, products ought to be advertised or marketed in a manner that would manipulate or control consumer behavior in relation to purchasing. The message in the advertisement particularly in the media according to Akabas, Lederman and Moore (2012: 49) should be captivating in order to capture the attention of the consumers. The article posits the introduction of regulations in the year 2009 in a bid to limit advertisement of unhealthy foods. As a consequence of the regulations, the rate at which unhealthy foods has been advertised in the media has been curtailed. As elucidated by Veenema (2003: 172), the Maslows hierarchy of needs outlines health in terms of safety as one of the basic need in human existence. Obesity is considered one of the most serious childhood health issues in the developed world. This has been largely contributed by advertisement through the social media and other channels (Delgado, 2013: n.p). It is of significance to posit that children are easily manipulated hence are more likely to develop food preferences from advertisements (Varley, 2012: 92). This is one loophole that has been exploited by food companies in marketing unhealthy foods to children through the social media. Therefore, ensuring that children access information of healthy foods is imperative for the maintenance o f a healthy and productive population (Samour and King, 2012: 518). Though the regulations introduced in 2009 have reduced promotion of unhealthy foods in the television sets, there has been an observable increase in advertisements particularly in the social media (Preedy, Watson and Martin, 2011: 982). In the contemporary world, there has been a lot of advancements in terms of technology. It is very easy for individuals

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 342

Assignment Example Chronic bronchitis, emphysema are COPD related illness and these disorders are chronic in nature compared to asthma that is considered an acute condition. The most common symptoms during COPD are difficulties with exhalation, shortness of breathing, sputum production and productive cough. During COPD related illness abnormally high rate of mucus secretion in the airways occurs that predisposes the lungs to infections. The varieties of asthma types do not make it harder to diagnose compared to COPD. The most common problem of asthma and COPD related illness diagnosing is that symptoms are not regular and can be triggered suddenly by different environmental factors. That’s why usually such disorders are misdiagnosed accordingly to patient symptoms. To detect these respiratory illnesses appropriate tests are needed such as chest X-ray, pulmonary function test. In my opinion, complications during asthma and COPD related illness are quite serious and in both cases can provoke the d estruction of lung tissue and lung

Roger Shimomuras Artwork Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Roger Shimomuras Artwork - Essay Example Examining the largest painting in the exhibition YELLOW TERROR, it is evident that Roger Shimomura uses the caricatures of Japanese soldiers, which are represented as individuals or types who crash, tumble and collide. Roger Shimomura himself is at the center of this chaos which pushes his eyes into a slant as if creating the nightmare mental picture of the Japanese caricatures done by his sight getting altered. The use of the First World War postcards shows how Roger Shimomura has copied caricatures in a precise manner to show how the postcards ridicule the Japanese army’s enemy as a fox, a snake, a beetle, a pig and a monkey. However, it is evident from the caricatures that Roger Shimomura has only borrowed the human caricatures and they exactly indicate how Roger Shimomura’s art relates to the sources of which they were found. Roger Shimomura has created a composition with the cartoon sources as the satire of a grand manner of the 1950s American art at a time when he was coming of age. However, it must be emphasized that the accumulation of the sources and the sources themselves in Roger Shimomura painting are representing more than a formal reference. The artwork also represents a social context. The YELLOW TERROR is a representation of how the society was racist against the Japanese and the Chinese to a point whereby they classified them into one class and making no good distinction between the Japanese and the Chinese but making the distinction only on racist’s grounds.

Nursing 220 topic, any age group, relatd to oncology, hematology, Essay

Nursing 220 topic, any age group, relatd to oncology, hematology, immunology, acute neurology, emergency or critcal care nursing - Essay Example ach utilizing the evidence from current nursing research literature so the best nursing practice in this specific area of oncologic nursing practice is established. Review of Literature: Stanley in her note, "Partners in Cancer Care" published from Oncology Nursing Society has highlighted the importance and availability of best evidence for managing common cancer symptoms. Evidence in support of nursing practice in this area is known to be accumulating exponentially, which demands utilization of these evidences in the clinical practice. Literature consistently demonstrates identifiable evidence base for oncology nursing and the impacts of these evidence-based interventions in patient outcomes as far as the oncology nursing practice is concerned. It is also important to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions used for cancer symptom management, so recommendations for future practice can be made to result in improvement in patient care that can be measured. (Stanley, KJ., 2006). Nausea and vomiting continues to be significant side effects of cancer therapy that add to the distress of the patients. Optimal antiemetic prophylaxis in cancer patients receiving chemo and radiotherapies has been the subject of many trials. The Antiemetic Subcommittee of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) in their review presents the findings up to the year 2004. Classically, the chemotherapeutic agents have been classified with high, moderate, low, and minimal emetogenic potentials. The current recommendations support a three-drug regimen that includes a 5-HT3 antagonist such as ondansetron 32 mg, dexamethasone 12 mg, and aprepitant 125 mg on day 1, followed by dexamethasone 8 mg daily on days 2 to 4, and aprepitant 80 mg on days 2 to 3 provides a complete response of no emesis with no use of rescue antiemetic in prevention of vomiting and nausea induced by chemotherapy of high emetogenic risk. Likewise, there are recommendations for moderate

Man was born free but is everywhere in chains. Discuss this phrase, Essay

Man was born free but is everywhere in chains. Discuss this phrase, with reference to key course concepts - Essay Example Human beings also enters into social bonds, develop civilization and this makes them lose liberty (Chaurasia 2001, p. 308) Fromm (2001, p. 18-29) observes that freedom is what characterizes human existence. It changes as man gains awareness as an independent and separate being. Mans’ social history has its beginning from the interaction with nature to awareness as a separate entity from the surrounding nature and other human beings. The individual continued to be closely tied to the social and the natural world. Man also felt the world surrounding him. The processes of the emergence of the individual from nature and social world reached its peak in the modern era in the centuries between the reformation and the present. Fromm likens this to the same process, which is found in the history of man. Before a child is born, it is one with the mother. The child becomes a separate entity from the biological mother after birth. This separation marks the beginning of individuation. The child remains with the mother for only a considerable period. Fromm states figuratively that a child lacks freedom before it is born. However, the tie with the mother provides security and a feeling of belonging to the child. This is what he refers to primary ties. These ties are organic and constitute part and parcel of human development. The ties imply lack of individuality, but they provide an individual with security and orientation. The primary ties connect the individual with the mother and society in general. Once an individual completes his first stage of individuation, he is faced with a new task. This task is to orient and establish himself in the world and look for security in other ways similar to those before the pre-individualistic existence. This makes freedom to assume a different meaning to the one he had before individuation (Fromm 2001, p. 18-29). Fromm explains this by the analysis of the development of an infant. He says the independence of the foetus from the infants ends at birth. However, the dependence does not end here. The mother takes care of the child. With time, the child begins to identify that the mother and other entities are separate. The child through its own initiatives experiences the world. This marks a crucial point in the development of individuation. The process of individuation is advanced by education. This process is marked by frustrations and prohibition, which change the role of the mother as a hostile and dangerous person. This antagonism between the mother and child helps in the development of the self. The different authorities the child interacts with constitute the child’s universe and submit to the child. This has a different quality from that which exists when an individual separate complete from these authorities (Fromm 2001, p. 18-29). The freedom of a child during childhood enables him to develop and express his identity. This gives him security and reassurance. The increasing separation from thes e authorities results into isolation, which creates intense anxiety and insecurity. The child may develop the inner strength or a new kind of solidarity and closeness with others. If the process of separation and individuation are matched with the growth of the

What this country (US),state or school needs more than anything else Essay

What this country (US),state or school needs more than anything else - Essay Example The gravest threat our country is facing lies to the turning point of extremism and technology. Our rivals have candidly acknowledged that they are in a quest for weapons of mass demolition, and evidence shows that they are doing so with fortitude. The United States will not let these efforts be successful. We will assemble our defenses in opposition to ballistic missiles and other ways of delivery. We will work together with other nations to refute, contain, and restrain our enemies’ hard work to acquire treacherous technologies. We will also augment our self-defense; our country will act using all ways against all forms of intimidation in time before they are wholly formed. We should be ready to crush all our enemies’ plans; we will use the best astuteness and proceed with consideration. If we will not do our best, history will criticize those who saw this approaching danger but failed to take action. In the new globe we inhabit, the only course to peace and defense i s the path prompt action. The unfolding upheaval over the Islamic Republic of Iran’s nuclear aspirations, and the subsequent steps presented to the United States in dealing with this dispute is a debate that has taken a long period of time to conclude. With the exception of Iraq, no other disaster today so bedevils American policy makers, for a long period this case has provided the international community with irrefutable proof that the Iranian regime is pursuing a massive, multi-faceted endeavor, and in spite of United Nations censure (Kerr 37). In and of itself, the possibility of the world’s leading state sponsor of terrorism acquiring the world’s most dangerous technology will be deeply troubling. These weapons, if manufactured can lead to both the mass destruction of property and loss of lives. Among the solutions to this issue are; military action that is deeply problematic. The use of force on Iran’s nuclear

Global Financing and Exchange Rate Mechanisms Essay

Global Financing and Exchange Rate Mechanisms - Essay Example The Purchasing Power Parity principle (PPP) was enunciated by a Swedish economist, Gustav Cassel in 1918. According to this theory, the price levels (and the changes in these price levels) in different countries determine the exchange rate of these countries currencies. The basic tenet of this principle is that the exchange rates between various currencies reflect the purchasing power of these currencies. This tenet is based on the Law of One Price. ... It also makes a few additional assumptions. No transaction costs in the foreign currency markets: It assumes that there are no costs involved in buying or selling a currency. Basket of commodities: It also assumes that the same basket of commodities is consumed in the different countries, with the components being used in the same proportion. This factor, along with the Law of One Price, makes the overall price levels in different countries equal. Though the explanation provided by the absolute PPP is very simple and easy to understand, it is difficult to test the theory empirically. This is due to the fact that the indexes used in different countries to measure the price level may not be comparable due to: -- the indexes being composed of different basket of commodities, due to different needsand tastes of the consumer. -- the components of the indexes being weighted differently due to their comparativerelevance, -- different base years being used for the indexes. Due to these reasons, these price indexes cannot be used to evaluate the validity of the theory. The relative form of PPP: The absolute form of PPP describes the link between the spot exchange rate and price levels at a particular point of time. On the other hand, the relative form of PPP talks about the link between the changes in spot rates and in price levels over a period of time reflect the changes in the price levels over the same period in the concerned economies. Relative PPP relaxes a number of assumptions made by the Law of One Price and the absolute PPP. These are: Absence of transaction costs Absence of transportation costs Absence of tariffs. The relaxation of these assumptions

John Stuart Mill Essay Example for Free

John Stuart Mill Essay In this essay I will discuss Utilitarianism by first explaining how Utilitarians are consequentialists who base their actions on the pleasure of pain of their consequences. Secondly, Jeremy Bentham will be discussed as the propagator of the Principle of Utility which determines human self-interest and voluntary action to achieve the greatest good or greatest pleasure. Thirdly, I will discuss John Stuart Mills and his more complex version of Utilitarianism. To clarify the Utilitarian theory I will illustrate and assess different examples of complex situations, simultaneously doing a critique on the theory, in order to conclude the relevance of Utilitarianism in society. (101) Consequentialism looks at the desirability and undesirability of consequences; meaning people base their actions on what is right and wrong by the virtue of the outcome. The Principle of Utility was derived by Jeremy Bentham and originated from psychological hedonism. Psychological hedonism is a form of psychological egoism that describes the human motive and desire to experience pleasure and avoid pain. The Principle of Utility is therefore described as the determination of right and wrong actions with right actions producing the greatest happiness or greatest good for the greatest number of people, while wrong actions produce unhappiness and pain. Thus, Utilitarians can be seen as Consequentialists because their actions are governed by consequences which can either result in pleasure or pain. Jeremy Bentham derived the Principle of Utility and viewed this principle as the foundation of all ethics. Bentham searched for what had the ultimate intrinsic value. For something to be of intrinsic value it must be desirable in itself, for example, health. People do not want good health for any other reason than to be healthy. There are many things that can be seen to have intrinsic value, such as knowledge, success, or God’s Will. However, Bentham wanted to identify the intrinsic value that everyone, religious or not, could agree on. He therefore decided that pleasure was the only thing with the ultimate intrinsic value as it allows an objective approach to morality. As mentioned previously, hedonism involves seeking pleasure of both the body and mind. The best actions result in maximized pleasure, but this raised the question of which pleasures are relevant. Therefore Bentham used hedonic calculus, consisting of 7 criteria, to calculate the ranking of different pleasures. These criteria could then be applied to evaluate even complex moral dilemmas. John Stuart Mill was greatly influenced by Bentham. Mill formed a more complex form of Utilitarianism by reconciling Bentham’s theory with complex issues that were not included in the original theory. Even though he critiques Bentham, Mill still used the basic framework of Bentham’s theory. Mill defines happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain, â€Å"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to promote the reverse of happiness. However, he argues that pleasure can differ in quality and quantity. Higher pleasure; such as intellectual, social and creative pursuits (which are more plentiful); are rated higher than baser pleasures, such as bodily pleasures. Furthermore, Mill argues that achieving goals also contribute to happiness. He promotes human dignity. He places focus on the â€Å"Golden Rule† for example â€Å"to love your neighbor as yourself†. He is therefore more concerned about altruism than self interest as in Bentham’s case. And ultimately he views justice as based on utility and the need for human rights exists because they contribute to human happiness. (476) [max 400] Examples + Critique There are positive as well as negative aspects to Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism provides answers and reasons for people to be moral. Despite society having many conflicting moral views and beliefs it is commonly agreed that pleasure is good and pleasure is bad It provides a basic platform for making ethical decisions and also results in objective fairness which contributes to social harmony. It makes use of common sense and is widely practiced and this may result in socially beneficial changes. Utilitarianism is flexible and sensitive to certain circumstances even if there are different views on what is right and wrong in complex situations. Abortions can be used to illustrate the vast variety of views on a certain subject. Some people may be for abortion and some against. Either view has very different consequences for the action they take. Both views may contribute to the greater good depending on the individual. [elaborate ] There are however some negative aspects. Some may view Bentham’s theory as too uncivilized and it is uncertain how Mill can consider one pleasure more important than another. If pleasure is the only criterion it takes us back to Bentham’s theory and this is an example of circular reasoning. Utilitarianism aims to achieve the greatest amount of happiness but also to create happiness of greatest number. Therefore which do you choose: 4 completely happy people and 6 unhappy people, or 10 mildly happy people? This represents the incoherence of the Principle of Utility. Also, can slavery be justified if the benefit to society is greater than the misfortune of the slaves? Is the total happiness of society thus greater than the unhappiness of the slaves? If we also look at an example of where there are two people dying in need of a kidney: a family member and a scientist on the verge of making a cure for cancer, who will you donate your kidney to? Will you abide to your obligation to your family, or will you abide to the greater good of society? (336) [max 300: 150+150] Conclusion: By discussing how Bentham and Mill created the Principle of Utility we have discovered that Utilitarianism aims to satisfy the greater good and greater happiness of society, while avoiding pain and unhappiness. Utilitarians make their decisions depending of their consequences. Even though Utilitarianism does create a foundation for dealing with ethical issues and provides reason for people to be moral, it does not provide enough compensation for individual rights. Also, not everything can be evaluated by the same standard and happiness in itself is more complex than the theory makes provision for. Therefore, Utilitarianism does not fit into modern day society as people are more focused on self-interest and human rights are hugely important. (114).

Plato Justice Versus Injustice

Plato Justice Versus Injustice Plato, one of the famous philosophers of our time, tried to define the value of justice in his writing. In Republic, books one through four, Plato writes about a conversation Socrates and Thrasymachus had discussing justice. While Thrasymachus claims that injustice is more preferable to justice, Socrates tries to counter is claim through a series of five acceptable facts. The first acceptable fact says Every X has a specific function. True, if X did not have a function, it would not exist or have a name. If we argue that every X has a specific function then we can say that the functions were teleologically determined. Man-made things are made to carry out a certain function that the man decides (a watch to tell time), and even though man decides its function, they decide the objects teleological function. It can also be assumed that the first fact in Platos function argument is suggesting that every X has only one function. To counter this, one can also say that a certain object can have more than one function. For example, leathers primary function is to be the skin of an animal but it can also, be shoes, clothes, bags, or water bottles. Likewise, one can conclude that the first fact is correct but would sound more accurate if it was phrased Every X has some or one specific function. Socrates next acceptable fact in his argument is The virtue of every X allows it to perform its function well. Again this fact is implying that there is only one function every X can do well. Continuing on the leather example, of the many functions of the material, its best and primary function is to be the skin of an animal. Of course, when leather is made into objects we may say that its best when its made into clothing. For instance, leather shoes as oppose to plastic shoes perform their function well because they last longer. Another example is of a doctor and a pharmacist. Although doctors have been trained to make some medicines they are not experts at it, where as pharmacists have been trained to do just that-make medicines. Because of the kind of virtue or training they have, not only does it allow them to perform their function, but to perform it well. Moving on, Plato goes to say that The human soul has a specific function-to live, or to choose. Consequently, every moment of a humans life they are thinking what they should do to better their life? What will make me feel good right now, coffee or tea? Human instincts, to run or to sleep or to dodge hard situations, are all meant for one thing-to live or to exist. In any harsh situations their aim is to over come and solve the problem to keep living. For example, your profession is chosen by you because it makes you happy. These decisions you make now to keep living give you other chances to make other decisions to living more. The process goes on and on. To make the choice to be a doctor, you have to choose what the best school is and once you get your degree where you will work? Once the money starts coming in, what will you do with it? As one can see, each decision leads to a decision to make another. If the human souls specific function is to live or choose, this example of beco ming a doctor greatly illustrates this acceptable fact in Platos argument. Closely related to the last acceptable fact, the next one says The virtue of a human soul allows that human being to live well. This means that if every decision one makes is to make another, the other decision they expect to make is for something bigger and grander. Of course, everyone has their own definition of living well. To me, living well would be to have a comfortable home where I can fulfill my duties as a daughter, sister, mother, and wife with ease and no hiccups. Also, living well is to see my family happy and to help them in anyway possible without much difficulty; financially being able to meet anything that comes my way. In addition, then comes the topic of elegance. Would I care if my glass of water was made of real crystal with fifty six percent lead or that it was plain old glass? Would I care that the water inside the glass was pure or not? Although quality of life and living well go hand in hand the virtue of the human soul allows them to make the decisions to hav e that life, however they may define it. Justice is the proper virtue of the human soul. This part of the function is out of the blue and without anything bolstering it. How do we know that justice is the virtue and not something else? This fact is also implying that humans are born with this virtuethat humans are born with the sense of justice in them. When justice is finally defined in the 4th book of The Republic it says that justice is the proper ordering of parts, that justice is the harmonious order. My question is what is harmonious to you? People have different views of harmony, different view on how to live life or what is right and wrong. For example, in the story Gullivers Travels, Gulliver, an explorer, comes across a savage race (in his opinion) he calls the Yahoos. The Yahoos are a tribe that rarely dress and eat uncooked meat but still they are happy in their ways of living for they have not make an effort to change. We may call their dress style poor and their food nasty but they may consider themselves elit e. In this example, Justice is more an opinion then fact which varies among people. People value Justice in their own way and find ways for it to fit their lifestyle. Furthermore, if the Yahoos and our kind co-existed, there would be a conflict because of our differing views of justice an injustice. If this happened, hypothetically, we would have to come to a compromise where we both redefine our justice system to fit our situations. With relation to redefining the system, if justice can be changed so fast is it really a virtue of the human soul? Despite that I do not completely agree with Socrates that justice is the virtue of the human soul, we can take this as a presumption to explain the rest of the argument. Considering the presumption above, the next acceptable fact says that a just soul allows a human being to live well. In addition, a just soul must be a person who has the perspective of good and bad and has been taught to tell the difference. Moreover, they should be someone who has been warned of the dangers of injustice. This warned and just soul allows a person to live well. Why live well? Because the person knows what is right and wrong and will make choices in the direction of gaining something good. And if Justice has been planted in their brain then the person will only make decisions to get good thus, be good. If a person is just and they know justice then the last phrase No one would prefer to live badly over living well is obvious. If justice has been planted into the brain and the function of a human is to live well and justice is the virtue of the human soul then this person has no way they would want to live badly. If a person has never been taught to blow bubbles because it was bad, no one would be taught to do it, hence blowing bubbles would not exist. Clearly, if one is taught to do something the right way all their life, they will continue to only go the right way. Through a series of acceptable facts and deductive reasoning Socrates comes to a conclusion that justice is preferred over injustice. If justice is good living and living good is in the human soul then injustice will not be preferred over justice. We were never taught to get injustice but to always run away from it to justice-getting the good world and avoiding the bad.

Research Into The External Environment Of Barclays Bank Finance Essay

Research Into The External Environment Of Barclays Bank Finance Essay Barclays is a global financial services provider deals with retail and commercial banking, credit cards, investment banking, wealth management and investment management services all over the world. Barclays offers personal banking services to its customers all over the world and provides a variety of other products like loans, debit card, saving account, insurance, online banking etc. 1.1 AIMS/PURPOSES The purpose of this report is to review recent research into the external environment of Barclays Bank and provide strategic recommendations for senior managers of the organisation. 1.2 CONTEXT Barclays started its business from london 300 years back, and now Barclays has established enterprises across Europe, Africa, the Americas and the Asia-Pacific region and gives employment to approximately 145,000 people. Barclays has almost 49 million customers and clients worldwide. Barclays has so many achievements in his name. In 1958 Barclays appointed the UKs first female branch manager. In 1961 Barclays opened the UKs first computer center for banking. In 1966 Barclays launches Barclays card, Uks first credit card. In 1967 Barclays opened worlds first ATM. In 1986 Barclays was the first British bank to have shares listed on New York Stock Exchange. In 1987 Barclays launched Barclays connect, the UKs first debit card. In 1995 Barclays was the first financial institution to launch its website. In 1999 Barclays was the first UK bank to offer customers a mortgage in euros to buy a british home. In 2008 Barclays was the first bank in UK to announce a mass roll-out of contactless-enabled debit card. (Barclays, 2010) 1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT The first part of this report would examine and analyse the external environment of Barclays Bank, while the second part would give recommendations to mitigate its impact on the internal environment looking at what management structure and strategy that could be used. The final pact of the report would give a conclusion on the findings and limitations of the reports findings. 2.0 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT Macro (External) Factors are seemingly uncontrolled by companies. They include factors like Political Factors, Economic and Competition Factors, Social Factors, Technological Factors and Legal Factors. Since Barclays Bank comes in Macro Factors, its strategic planning must include an analysis for Macro Factors. This purpose of report both includes SWOT and PEST analysis of tools. 2.1 POLITICAL FACTORS The Political Factors of a Bank includes measures of government stability and political risk in that country. Banking Sectors are affected by political factors and government rules and regulations, and as Barclays Bank one of the historical bank and has branches all over the world, expected to bond with government rules and feel the heat of politics in business and at time political factors doesnt allow banks to grow its business. For example the tax for Barclays to do its business in India will not be same as it is in UK. And also different-different country has different- different rules for its banking industry. According to Treanor report Senior bankers are complaining that political interference is the biggest risk facing their industry despite the billions of pounds of taxpayer money being used to prop up the banking system. One of the bankign leader at Pwc said With political interference as the top risk and too much regulation at number three, the concern is that the financial crisis has taken the banking industrys future out of its own hands.(Treanor,2010) Barclays president Bob Diamond also opposed political interference in banking sector. (Treanor, 2010) The UK Prime Minister said for a more responsible banking, in which he said banks are the servants of economy and society and never its master. He said banks should have help UK business by giving them loans. (BBC, 2009) 2.2 ECONOMIC AND COMPETITION FACTORS Due to the large number of banks in market, Barclays Bank is facing a huge competition in market. Barclays was rapidly losing market share to Bank of Scotland and mainland European banks according to survey by the Manchester Business School.(Trapp,1992) Bank of Scotland was regarded as the toughest bank, but it is felt to offer a better service. Smaller banks, such as the Co-op, Abbey National, Bank of Wales and Yorkshire, were considered less aggressive than the main hight street clearers in terms of fees and pricing. (Trapp, 1992) The Independent (2009) report says Barclays Bank faced a new challenge as credit ratings Moodys cut its rating by two full notches, leading to a one-tenth fall in its share price. (Robbins,2009) The existing recession also played a major role in affecting the business of banks. In 2008, Barclays profit fell by 14% while variable remuneration fell by 48%. At all level Barclays employees lost in  £2bn of personal wealth in 2007 and 2008. (BBC NEWS,2009) 2.3 SOCIAL FACTORS Social factor plays a major role in banks development and banks enterprise. Bank should win the heart of its customers to maintain its reputation. It should make a strong bond with customers. According to BBC News report, in April 2000 Barclays closed its 171 branches, many of them were in rural areas. Because of that Barclays had suffered from a spate of bad publicity. (BBC NEWS, 2000) On February, 2010 increasing overdraft charges on two million of its account holders created a bit concern for Barclays bank customers. However Barclays said eight million customers with standard current accounts would not be a hit by higher changes, and banks has not changed the rates paid by its credit card customers in UK. However customers reacted angrily against Barclays bank. (Moore,2010) 2.4 TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS The modern Technology which making customers life easy in banks, creating big problem regarding the security and privacy of their account details. Customers face problem in loging on and doing online banking. Many customers in country side areas dont have much knowledge about online banking, bill payments and online transfer funds. Some Customers feel unsecured doing online banking. In January 2010 many account holders were not able to check balances and transfer money via online banking. Many customers complained on Barclays forum for unable to access account. (Anker, 2010) Customers who logged into their account in July, 2000 they were able to read the details of other customers accounts. Barclays admitted the problem was associated with a software upgrade which went live overnight. (BBC NEWS, 2000) Barclays bank has signed a deal with F-Secure for 1.6 million licences of the anti-virus program. The basic F-Secure anti-virus will protect customers account and will alert users if any malicious programs installed. 2.5 LEGAL AND CREADIBILITY FACTORS Banks are regulated by different different agencies and different kind of laws in different countries. In 1990s, European countries have implemented Single Banking License which allowed banks from European Union (EU) countries to branch freely into other EU countries. European Countries implemented numerous regulations for banking industry, to achieve the level of harmonization required for the establishment of a single, competitive market for financial services. However, after that European banks have also experienced a negative effect on competition. (Angelini, 2003) UK government expected to put pressure on Barclays and other lenders that have turned down government help to join the British Treasurys latest effort to revive the economy. (Werdigier, 2009). In March, 2009 Barclays bank obtained a court order banning the Guardian from publishing documents which showed how the bank set up companies to avoid hundreds of millions of pounds in tax. The information was leaked by a person who was working with bank. (Guardian, 2009) In January, 2006 Barclays and other 22 international companies got a legal action brought by a South African activist group. That legal action was for allegedely benefited companies from doing business in South Africa in the apartheid era. Barclays was forecd to pull out of South Africa in 1986 after protests against its involvement in South Africa during the apartheid regime. (Kollewe, 2006) 3.0 RECOMMENDATIONS Bank should make a strong bond with customers, to make its business and reputation profitable. Bank should should give customers requirement first priority in its business. T 3.1 As mentiond in the first part of the report, how political factor is playing a major role in banks business and growth. Different- different countris political stability plays a major role in banks deveopment. Banks should keep a track in advance on the political stability of that country, to know how its political change will affect its business. And bank should make a strong bond with governemnt regarding its policies and regulations so that government will help the banks at the time of economy downturn by giving banks special packages to rescue from economy downturn. Banks should make a strong bond with government regarding tax paying. 3.2 Economic and competition factor also plays a major role in affecting banks growth. As mentioned in 2.2 how competition in market plays a major role in companys share and profit and how that nation economy plays a major role in the growth and development of bank. Banks should involve Fiscal Policy in their policy. Fiscal Policy helps to reduce the rate of inflation and stimulate economic growth in a period of economy downturn. Fiscal Policy aims to stablise economic growth, avoiding boom and bust economic cycle.(Economics help) For competition factor playing a major role in banks growth. Banks should keep a strong policy on its interest rates which should not affect customers requirement and banks benefit both. 3.3 As mentioned in 2.3 Social Factor plays a major role in banks relations with customers which directly affects banks development and reputation. Banks responsibility towards customers plays a major role in banks reputation in market, which affects its business. Banks should give a written letter in advance to customers before taking any major step. Banks should make its customer care department more friendly for customers, so they will not hesitate asking any question to banks.Before increasing its any fee, banks should inform customers in advance. The significance of good customer service costs five times to win a new customers and retaining old customers. And banks should give assurance to customers regarding their funds and account profile and personal details, so that they will more secure regarding their accounts. To inhance its reputatin banks should participate in social causes and should participate in developing poor countries and rural areas. They should make branches an d ATMs more convinent for customers in countryside areas as well. 3.4 Technological factor which causing a big concern in winning the trust of customers. The modern technology which is making a customers life easy in doing online bill payments or accessing accounts online at time creat big problems for customers. As mentioned in 2.4 how at time online banking is creating problems for customers and creating problems in relationship with banks. Banks should make its online banking more secured and also give assurance to customers regarding their account details so that customers will not worry about their account profile. Banks should educate people regarding its online banking and telephonic banking. Bank will have to make international banking or internatioanl funds transfer safe for customers and for this they will have educate customers. As mentioned in 2.4, Barclays bank has signed a deal with F-Secure for licence of an anti-virus program which will protect customers account and will alert users if something go wrong with their account.(BBC News ,2006). Its banks responsibility to make technology secured regarding customers account, and if something happens wrong bank must insure customers that their money is safe. 3.5 For a good business banks should start using social media to build trust, loyalty and improve relationships with customers. Political Factor is palying a major role in Banks international market and bank Barclays protects money for nearly 14 million customers and clients in Africa during the time of economy and climate risk. Barclays operated in Africa for over a century and optimisitc for next 100 years future. http://group.barclays.com/Editorial/1231783315133.html CONCLUSION STRENGHTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS Widespread global presence Generated controvecies Well-established historically Associated with innovation http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/business-resources/swot-analysis-database/barclays-bank-swot-analysis/

Siddhartha and Govinda Essay -- Essays Papers

Siddhartha and Govinda Siddhartha, written by Herman Heese, is a book about a man’s journey to find his inner self beginning when he is young and ending when he is of old age. Siddhartha, while on this quest, searched for different mentors to teach him what they know, hoping to find truth and balance in and of the universe. At the end of the novel, Siddhartha reaches the enlightenment through many teachings. Govinda, Siddhartha dearest friend and confident, is often viewed as his Siddhartha’s follower, or as his shadow. In the beginning, Siddhartha goes with Gotama to hear the teachings of the Buddha, and Govinda remains with Buddha to become his disciple. Siddhartha believes that each person must find his or her own way to salvation and does not stay with Buddha. He says, â€Å"That is why I am going on my way-not to seek another and better doctrine, for I know there is none, but to leave all doctrines and all teachers and to reach my goal alone-or die. (28)† This quote is the underlying message portrayed for the rest of Siddhartha’s quest. This tells that life experience is the best teacher, which in turn is the core of Buddhism. As the two friends part to go their separate ways, Siddhartha again voices the central idea of the novel: he reminds the Buddha that the process of enlightenment which he underwent is unteachable, and that there is no way of communicati ng first-hand experience to the disciples. As the last part begins, Govinda has arrived to cross the ...

Shoah - Movie Summary Essay -- Film Movies

The movie begins with Simon Srebnik going back to Chelmno, he is one of the two survivors. He was taken to Chelmno when he was thirteen, his father was killed in front of him, and his mother died in the gas vans. He was known throughout the camp for his agility and his beautiful singing voice. Before abandoning the camp the Nazis shot everyone, including him, in the head. He was left for dead, but was found and survived. Simon went back to tell of the experience he had. He cannot believe what happened as he walks along what is left of the frame of the buildings. He said that 2,000 were burnt per day, but he remembers the camp as being peaceful. No one ever shouted, they just went about their work. He was forced to go up the river, under guard, to get food for the rabbits from the alfalfa fields. Along the way he would sing and the people along the shore would listen and some still remember. The other survivor of Chelmno is Michael Podchlebnik. The day he went to the camp everything died in him, he is human though and wanted to live. He wants to forget about the Holocaust and doesn’t like to talk about it. In the beginning he thought himself as dead because he never thought he’d survive. His job was to unload corpses, on his first day he cried. On his third day he saw his wife and children. He put his wife in the grave and asked to be killed. The Germans said he was strong enough to work and that he wouldn’t be killed yet. Motke Zaidl was a survivor of Sobibor. They vis...

The Research of Ground Services, Airlines and Airports Relationship

The research of ground services, airlines and airports relationship Abstract The purpose of this report is to investigate the airport ground services, the relationship between airports and airlines, and the scope of ground services. The results indicated that airports are multifunction service center that offer a large range of services to airlines and their passengers, airports and airlines are highly interdependent. However, the relationship between airports and airlines become competition, privatization, and globalization within the industry. 1. 0Introduction Airports are an essential part of the air transport system. They provide all the infrastructure needed to enable passengers and freight to transfer from surface to air modes of transport and to allow airlines to take off and land’(Anne 2012, p. 1). It is argued that the elementary airport infrastructure are composed of runways, taxiways, apron space, gates, passenger and freight terminals, and ground transport intercha nges. In order to be capable of fulfilling their role within the air transport industry, airports aggregate many different of facilities and services (Anne 2012).These services could include ‘air traffic control, security, fire and rescue in the airfield’ (Anne 2012, p. 1). Handling facilities are provided to passengers with their baggage, transport between aircraft and terminals, and handling within the terminal. On the other, airports also provide a large range of commercial services consist of shops and restaurants to hotels, conference services and business parks (Anne, 2012). This report will analyse the crux ground services to the airlines at airport, it will also illustrate the relevance between airport and airlines.Finally, it will state the process and activities of ground services. 2. 0Findings 2. 1 Key ground services The crux ground services of airport are ground services. Ground handling activities at airports are extremely significant to airlines (Anne 201 2). They influence both to an airline’s expense and the quality of service which airports offer to their passengers. Ground handling services could divide into ‘passenger handling, baggage handling, freight and mail handling, ramp handling, fuel and oil handling, and aircraft services and maintenance’. Anne 2012, p. 126) These activities are often provide between ‘terminal or traffic handling, which is passenger check-in, baggage and freight handling, and airside or ramp handling, which covers activities such as aircraft loading and unloading, cleaning and servicing’ (Anne 2012, p. 126). Occasionally, these services are provided by the airport operators, however, most of airports are provided by airlines or handling agents (Anne, 2012). 2. 2 The relationship between the airports and airlinesTyler (2011), IATA’s director general and CEO argues that ‘airports and airlines share a common interest in making aviation safer, more secure, user- friendly, operationally efficient and environmentally responsible’. It is argued that ‘an airport and an airline at one airport are, by nature of the business, jointly making a business project at the airport’ (Hihara 2010, p. 2). Airport is to provide related service to airlines, in exchange for landing fee, at the same time, airline provide air transport service to the airport, with or without stimulative money from the airport.These two services are not separable in one sense that each service may not exist without the other. ‘Also they are in a strategic complementary relationship, where one side’s effort could improve not only its own but also the other side’s contribution to the value of the joint project’ (Hihara 2010, p. 2). For instance, airport aims to improve airport services for purpose of increasing the charm of the airport and help airline’s isolated achievement to bring more passengers, as a result of both ending u p in enjoying more incomes. Therefore further efforts arising from such contractual relationship in addition to such interdependent relationship could have the potential to significantly enhance the values of the project both sides are participating in’ (Hihara 2010, p. 2). However, Anne (2012) argues that ‘airline–airport relationship is changing, being driven by trends towards greater competition, privatization, and globalization within the industry’.At the same time, ‘the airline–airport relationship is starting to become much more to do with the linking of two privately owned international companies, rather than two state owned organizations operated within the limits of national laws and regulations’ (Anne 2012, p. 132). 2. 3 Ground Services Model There are three kinds of ground handling models, historically; ground handling services may often controlled by the national airline or airport operator. Some airport operators such as Mi lan, Rome, Vienna, and Frankfurt airports, which have been heavily involved in such activities, earn very significant revenues from such activities – sometimes over half the total income of the airport’ (Anne 2012, p. 126). On the other side, the airlines operator will just pay rental fees and perhaps a small concession fee to the airports, and airlines or third party ground handling companies would provide the handling services. ‘Countries in Europe where the national airline has had a handling monopoly include Spain with Iberia and Greece with Olympic’ (Anne 2012, p. 26). It is believed that ‘European airports showed 44 per cent of aircraft movements were handled by airport operators, 27 per cent were self-handled by the national carrier, 8 per cent were handled by the national carrier for other airlines, 7 per cent were handled by independent ground handlers, and the remaining 14 per cent were self handled by other airlines. By contrast, in terms of passenger numbers, only 16 percent were handled by the airport operator, again 7 per cent by independent ground handlers and the rest by airlines’ (Anne cited in Deutsche Bank, 2012).Furthermore, ‘the relationship between airports and airlines in the United States is unique and so is worthy of special consideration’ (Anne 2012, p. 129). Anne (2012) also argues that ‘the airports and airlines enter into legally binding contracts include airport use and lease agreements which detail the fees and rental rates which an airline has to pay, the method by which these are to be calculated and the conditions for the use of both airfield and terminal facilities’.The key reason for the existence of these agreements is private bondholders need a formal relationship between the airports and airlines before investing in the airport. 2. 4 The scope of airport ground services Ground handling as the most significant services to airlines at airport, it could be div ided into three aspects, passenger handling, cargo handling and ramp handling. Passenger handling †¢ Ticking: ticket reservation, ticker sales, cancellations, and rebooking †¢ Check-in: check-in service and issue boarding cards Boarding: check boarding card, cross-checking passenger list, check identification and call missing passengers †¢ Flight information: flight timetables, passenger and baggage information †¢ Pick-up service: baggage tracing and delivery †¢ VIP and individual service: provide special service to VIP, child, disabled and elderly †¢ The other services: seating, restroom, toilets, duty-free stores, finance, etc. ( Munich Airport, 2013) Cargo handling †¢ Document handling: mail and necessary paper handling ( Munich Airport, 2013) †¢ Baggage handling: it could be divided into two parts . Departure baggage handling: deliver baggage to check-in, tagging and weighing, transport of baggage to airside, arranging and packing, deliver baggage to planeside and loading onto aircraft (Ashford, N. , Stanton, H. , and Moore, C. ,1997) 2. Arrival baggage handling: unloading from aircraft, deliver to terminal, arranging and loading onto claim devices, transport to reclaim area, announcement of baggage reclaim, and transport from reclaim area. (Ashford, N. , Stanton, H. , and Moore, C. 1997) Ramp handling †¢ Towing: towing of aircraft †¢ Maintenance: flight inspection, air conditioning, ground power supply, and deicing. †¢ Replenishment: fueling, catering †¢ Sanitation: fuselage and cabin cleaning. ( Munich Airport, 2013) 3. 0 Conclusion Based on findings, it can be found that the crux ground services of airports are ground handling, airports and airlines are highly depend on each other, they are multifunction service center that provide a large range of services o airlines and their passengers on the medium or marginal site of an air trip. However, the relationship between airports and airlines beco me competition, privatization, and globalization. References Ashford, N. , Stanton, H. , and Moore, C. 1997 , Airport Operations, 2nd edn, McGraw-Hill, New York. Anne, G 2012, Managing Airports, Taylor and Francis publishing, London, UK, viewed 10 April 2013, RMIT University library database. Hihara, K 2010, Analysis on Airport-Airline Relationship with Risk Sharing Contract, viewed 10 April 2013. lt; http://www. pp. u-tokyo. ac. jp/research/dp/documents/GraSPP-DP-E-10-001_ITPU-DP-E-10-001. pdf>. Munich Airport 2013, business and partners, ground handling services, viewed 10 April 2013. < http://www. munich-airport. de/en/business/branchen/gh/index. jsp>. Tyler , T 2011, ‘Innovation in Airline-Airport Cooperation’, Press room, 2 November, viewed 10 April 2013. < http://www. iata. org/pressroom/pr/pages/2011-11-02-01. aspx>.

Inventory System Essay

size up guidance is vit every last(predicate)y important for either c all tolding that grapples a physical product. An document clay must balance having luxuriant inventories on hand to obtain the conduct of nodes while investing as itty-bittyer money as possible in livestock. Perishable products add another holding of centering considerations because they must be cycled done the history system to a greater extent than readily and stored in a way that uphold their value. An document control system is an combine package of softw ar and hardware utilize in warehouse operations, and elsewhere, to monitor the quantity, fixture and status of blood as swell as the related exaltation, receiving, picking and arrange away processes. In common usage, the edge may as well as refer to honourable the packet components. An ancestrying control system may be use to alter a sales events order fulfilment process.Such a system contains a list of order to be filled, and and thusly prompts civiliseers to pick the necessary items, and provides them with packaging and shipping information. It is a supervision of the supply and entrepot and accessibility of items in order to picture an adequate supply without excessive oversupply. instrument management systems are software programs exercise to maintain, gather and track inventory from the min it reaches a retail setup to the atomic number 42 it is sold. Automation has increased the efficiency and truth of inventory management, allowing companies to get information more or less a particular products sale levels and whether it is time to reorder at the very moment the item reaches a predefined stock level. The McDonalds started in 1954. Raymond Kroc who is the initiate saw a hamburger foot in San Bernardino, calcium and visualized a nationwide fast food scope. Kroc tried and true himself as an ancestor who revolutionized the Ameri whoremonger eating house industry.Actually, Raymond K roc is esteemed being the Farther of Industry. It became a popular and profitable teen hangout. In 1948, the brothers closed and re open the eating house to sell that hamburgers, milkshakes and French fries. As per the information of the McDonalds memoir, the major revenue came from hamburgers, which were sold at a nominal price of 15 cents. The eating dictate gradually became famous and the McDonald brothers take off franchising their eatery in the year 1953. The starting signal dealership was taken by Neil bemuse and beneath it the second McDonalds eatery was opened in Fresno, California. It was the start-off to slip in the Golden Arch design. The trinity and quaternary restaurants were opened in Saginaw, Michigan and Downey, California, respectively. The last mentioned is the oldest McDonalds restaurant still in operation. In 1954, an entrepreneur and milkshake-mixer salesman, Ray Kroc, acquired the franchise of McDonalds restaurant for outside California and Ari zona.In effect, Kroc opened his offset and the boilersuit ninth restaurant in Illinois, Chicago, and gave save to McDonalds raft. In 1958, the restaurant image sold its hundred millionth hamburger. In 1960, Kroc renamed his fellowship as McDonalds Corporation. In 1961, Kroc convinced the McDonald brothers to sell the argument rights to him for a sum $2.7milion. Later that year, the burger University was opened, which gave away McDonalds restaurant bachelor of Hamburgology degrees to students. In 1963, the mascot Ronald McDonald was born as a part of a marketing outline in US. In 1967, the graduation restaurant outside US was opened in Richmond, British Columbia. In 1974, the 3000th restaurant opened in Woolwich, United Kingdom, which is the world-class of the country. t shuttinger-witted Meal was introduced in US in 1979.In 1984, the go with became the main betray of the Summer Olympics. The year was overly mark by the death of Ray Kroc. In 1988, the first restaur ant opened in a communist country in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, followed by the first Soviet restaurant in Moscow (1990). In 1992, the largest McDonalds was opened in Beijing, China, having over 700 put and was later demolished. In 1993, the first sea-going restaurant was completed, aboard the Finnish Cruise-ferry Silja Europa, sailing amidst Helsinki and Stockholm. In 1994, McDonalds bagged the gun Award for its program for foste a just leaders information in women. In 1996, the first Indian restaurant was opened. In 2003, the company launched the Im lovin it campaign. In 2005, McDonalds started its McDelivery service in Singapore. In 2006, the chain announced that it will publish nutritionary information on its packaging of all its products, for the benefit of the customers. Considering the huge success and punctuate McDonalds has become, the food chain is string out across the world in nearly all the major cities of the globe.Being sparing and user friendly, the success rate of the company cannot be doubted. In 1985, the first McDonalds restaurant in Thailand was opened at Amarin Plaza. Currently, there are more than 100 McDonalds restaurants nationwide with a ring of convenient services at anytime and anywhere which including breakfast meals from 5.00-11.00 Am., Drive -thru, Dessert booth and McCafe. Besides, there is the McDelivery service on 1711 campaign from 9 Am. until midnight and some restaurant in any case offer 24-hour service to dole out. Through the years, McDonalds remained the worlds top quick service restaurant. With more than 33,000 branches in more than 120 countries nigh the globe, McDonalds has practised billions of customers since its first restaurant in 1955. McDonalds history began even before the onset of the chip World War when brothers Dick and mackintosh McDonald started a drive-in restaurant business in Riverside California.Their menu was sedate simply of 10-cent hamburgers and other drive-in products. subsequently t he war, the brothers opened a new fibre of restaurant in San Bernardino, California, where a elflike hamburger man called Speedee became the companys symbol Dicks and mackintoshs endeavors proved so flourishing that other operators sought out franchises from them. In 1954 Ray Kroc liquid ecstasy sales electrical distri saveor for Multimixer intrigued by the brothers Speedee arrangement visited the latter in San Bernardino, Upon his return to Chicago, Kroc obtained the exclusive licensing rights to the brothers system and had become heir depicted object Franchise Agent in April of the aforesaid(prenominal) year construction began on the first restaurant in what was called the Mcdonalds transcription Inc.The famous Golden Arches arrived in the Philippines in 1981 when George T. Yang president of McGeorge Food Industries was awarded franchising privilege in the country by McDonalds international. The first store opened in the ready university line of business of Morayta whil e the second was established in the prime commercial area of Cubao beside New Frontier Theater. And now as they say, the rest is history. With the desire of providing Filipino customers with superior feeling food and service that meet global standards, George T. Yang, opened the first McDonalds store a retentive Morayta, Manila in 1981. Since then, McDonalds has introduced so many innovations that captured the patrol wagon of the Filipinos.It was McDonalds who first offered the Value Meals and the well-chosen Meal. It was McDonalds who first provided employment opportunities for students. And it was McDonalds who first played an active percentage in divine serviceing out in the community through McDonalds Charities. These and so many other firsts are the reasons for McDonalds phenomenal growth Today, with Kenneth S. Yang at the helm, McDonalds is now a multi-billion-peso company with close to 274 stores nationwide And still counting flat coat of the StudyToday McDonalds is th e largest shit of fast food restaurant that serve 52 million customers per day more than 100 countries. With the world-class standard, McDonalds unites the QSC&V standards strictly all McDonalds restaurants around the world. McDonalds is one of the leading restaurant chains in the world, touching the lives of large number everyday. The long journey of the burger brand started in 1940, when two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald opened the first McDonalds restaurant in San Bernardino, California. Initially, they owned a hotdog stand, but after establishing the restaurant they served around 25 items, which were mostly barbequed.Statement of the ProblemThe tuition attempts to know the more useful inventory control system that McDonalds should use. 1. To look into whether Perpetual or semimonthly stock certificate admit prevailment is to be utilise by McDonalds 2. To arrest whether McDonalds performs effectively and efficiently in managing their inventories 3. ar there times w hen McDonalds are out of stock because of wrong inventory? 4. Are there any problems in the accounting system of McDonalds? consequence of the StudyIn order to determine the typewrite of catalogue lock frame that McDonalds should use the questioners showed some of the contributions to the management and customers For the management-this research bring will help them choose the appropriate and more effective type of account Control trunk in order to improve their management. For the customers-so that they would delight in freshly made food.SCOPEThe study covers gunstock Control System such(prenominal)(prenominal) as half-hourly and Perpetual System. hourly System is a type of Inventory Control System in which intersection purchases are recorded in the purchases account, and the inventory account balance is updated provided at the end of each accounting geological dot while Perpetual System is a type which has traditionally been associated with companies that sell small numbers of high-priced items, but the development of modern scanning and data processor applied science has enabled almost any type of merchant to consider using this system. McDonalds follows a yet in Time (JIT) system of inventory management. JIT, as the name suggests, is the system of planning products to customers as soon as they hasten ordered for it, with minimal delay amid placing the order and getting it in hand.McDonalds doesnt begin to cook or effect or preheat their stuff until they give birth a customer order. This was not the parapraxis earlier. They had a different approach to inventory management wherein they used to pre-cook a agglomerate of hamburgers and sit under heat lamps. It used to keep them under the lamps for as long as possible and eventually renounce whatever they couldnt sell. Hence customers couldnt enjoy freshly made food. The only way it could happen was by the customer giving a special order. It also covers the efficiency and effectiveness of McDonalds in managing their fast food chain, their service and the expiation that they would provide for their valued customers.LIMITATIONThis research study is limited only in San Pedro, Laguna. McDonalds in San Pedro Laguna is fit(p) in Cataquiz Subdivision, National Hi-Way, San Pedro, Laguna.HYPOTHESIS vigor HypothesisThere is no profound difference in Inventory Control System in either Periodic System or Perpetual System. substitute HypothesisIs there any hearty difference in Inventory Control System in either Periodic System or Perpetual System?DEFINITION OF TERMS1. Inventory-The value of materials and severes held by an governance (1) to support production (raw materials, subassemblies, work in process), (2) for support activities (repair, maintenance, consumables), or (3) for sale or customer service ( trade, washed-up goods, spare parts). 2. Control-Device or mechanism installed or instituted to guide or regulate the activities or operation of an apparatus, machi ne, soul, or system. 3. System-An organized, purposeful twist that consists of interrelated and interdependent elements (components, entities, factors, members, parts etc.).These elements continually influence one another (directly or indirectly) to maintain their activity and the existence of the system, in order to achieve the goal of the system. 4. Inventory Control System-A database used for storing and administering all types of data required for efficient and accurate warehouse inventory management. This may imply modules or fields for keeping track of all items and locations, requisitions, back orders, required levels of inventory on hand, reorder points, lead times, inventory computer error tracking, and more. This type of system may user interface with an ERP and other applications. 5. Effective-Having the desired result.6. Efficient-performing or operate in the best possible flair with the least waste of time and effort having and using requisite knowledge, skill, and industry qualified capable 7. Management-The directors and managers who have the power and accountability to shamble decisions and oversee an enterprise. 8. The size of management can range from one person in a small organization to hundreds or thousands of managers in multinational companies. In large organizations, the board of directors defines the policy which is then carried out by the chief administrator officer, or CEO. Some people agree that in order to evaluate a companys current and coming(prenominal) worth, the most important factors are the quality and experience of the managers9. Perishable-goods that can lose its service and value if not appropriately stored or transported, or if not utilized in spite of appearance certain period. 10. Periodic- a type of Inventory Control System in which merchandise purchases are recorded in the purchases account, and the inventory account balance is updated only at the end of each accounting period 11. Perpetual- a type wh ich has traditionally been associated with companies that sell small numbers of high-priced items, but the development of modern scanning and computer technology has enabled almost any type of merchandiser to consider using this system. 12. Integrated- system aimed at unifying different marketing methods such as mass marketing, one-to-one marketing, and direct marketing. Its objective is to complement and reinforce the market impact of each method, and to employ the market data generated by these efforts in product development, pricing, distribution, customer service, etc. 13. Information- data that is (1) accurate and timely, (2) specific and organized for a purpose, (3) presented within a context that gives it meat and relevance, and (4) can lead to an increase in understanding and decrease in uncertainty14. Process- Sequence of interdependent and linked procedures which, at every stage, consume one or more resources (employee time, energy, machines, money) to convert inputs ( data, material, parts, etc.) into outputs. These outputs then serve as inputs for the next stage until a known goal or end result is reached. 15. Accessibility- Extent to which a consumer or user can obtain a good or service at the time it is needed Ease with which a facility or location can be reached from other locations 16. Storage- Non-transitory, semi-permanent or long-term, containment, holding, leaving, or placement of goods or materials, usually with the role of retrieving them at a later time. It does not include the interim accumulation of a limited amount during processing, maintenance, or repair.17. software package component- A software component is a unit of composition with contractually specify interfaces and explicit context dependencies only. A software component can be deployed individually and is subject to composition by third parties 18. Packaging- Processes (such as cleaning, drying, preserving) and materials (such as glass, metal, paper or paperboard, pla stic) employed to contain, handle, protect, and/or transport an article. situation of packaging is broadening and may include functions such as to attract attention, help oneself in promotion, provide machine identification (barcodes, etc.), impart essential or additive information, and help in utilization. See also packing.19. fare- The process of transporting an item, usually through the mail. Shipping is a very basic, common way of getting an item from one place to another, or from one person to another. 20. Franchise- craft (1) A privilege granted to make or market a good or service under a patented process or brand name. (2) A business operating under such privilege. 21. Fast food chain- a chain of restaurants serving inexpensive food, such as hamburgers and fried chicken, prepared and served quickly.

Badminton Essay Essay

Self-efficacy and complaisant persuades atomic number 18 two guiding principles in the survey of sociology of swordplay. Self-efficacy is an psyches personal pass judgment of confidence in his or her cap force to get through a accredited level of fulfilance, whereas social influence occurs when otherwises affect ones emotions, opinions, behaviors and choices. These sociocultural ciphers argon linked to Figueroas framework, which influence my connection in badminton. In this essay, the focus in on self-efficacy and social stigma-related socio-cultural factors, which are constituent elements in the sports socialization play and pick out influenced my active interest in Badminton.The procedure of this assignment is to evaluate the pretend that sociocultural influences consume had on my decision to play on the Moreton talk College badminton team.Professor Peter Figueroa engendered a peter also known as Figueroas Framework, which investigates the issues contact acc ess, equity and equality in sport and physical activity. It is structured over five unalike levels individual, interpersonal, institutional, morphological and cultural, these areas are use to investigate the ways in which inequities challenge the area of sport and physical activity. all(prenominal) five levels connect in spite of appearance each other and they all influence the shaping of the overall effect. They set up the different functions that reinforce, create, remove and eliminate barriers and inequities within sport and physical activity. The level of Figeuroas Framework that affects my confederation in badminton the greatest was the interpersonal level and individual level. The interpersonal level of Figueroas framework is used to investigate the relationships that affect whether an individual will develop a lifelong association with sport. Most individuals are influenced directly or indirectly by the commonwealth around them such as parents, peers, siblings, teache rs, coaches, or boast role models.In particular, one barrier that had an impact upon my participation in Badminton is self-efficacy. The surmisal of self-efficacy was developed within the framework of social cognitive theory, which views individuals as proactive agents in the regulation of their cognition, motivation, actions,and emotions. When playing badminton I face vulnerable to this problem of self-efficacy as my self-esteem is touch on by my performance because I feel as if I am judged by how well I perform. As I have such spunky expectations to perform well in badminton, I am very critical and hard on myself. This leads to brusque self-efficacy which forces me to believe I do not have the potential for success in Badminton. Someone with last self-efficacy is confident and motivated to work toward a acquire goal and someone such as myself with mortified self-efficacy in badminton is not as motivated, which effects how much(prenominal) effort is put into a particular task. Self-efficacy is base on a social learning theory and is a construct that affects motivation and thus bum promote or inhibit learning different skills. Consequently, as Allender et al. (2006) suggests, when an individual has limited confidence in their own ability to perform, enjoyment levels decline and inevitably, participation ceases. Pratt et al. (1999) found that perceived competence and sport ability beliefs had a strong and direct impact on enjoyment. As enjoyment is a herald to ongoing participation, it is thus evident that self-efficacy is an important factor in my participation in Badminton.A study by McCarthy, Jones and Clark-Carter (2008) investigated the sources of enjoyment reported by young sport participants and found that positive enatic involvement was one of the most frequently reported results by young males and females. This implies that when children in sport perceive maternal(p) involvement as positive, they are more in all probability to enjoy th eir sporting experience. When we are young, our families influence us more than outsiders do. If your parents played sports, took you to sporting contests, helped you learn fundamental sport skills, and encouraged you to figure, chances are you gave sports a search. It has been be that enatic influence extends to the parents perception of the sports their children choose to participate in. That is, parents domiciliate transmit values through communicating their beliefs, toleration, and support to their childs participation in sport. Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of parental description, often showing that too much parental feedback causes undue stress in young athletes and bottom of the inning cause them not to participate in certain sports, but the appropriate amounts of encouragement and support can increase enjoyment and longevity of the athletes involvement. Parentalinterpretation is a powerful mechanism because it communicates expected and valued behaviors. Children internalize parental values and expectations therefore children try to behave in ways that maximize their acceptance in the social setting. Thus, as my parents communicate that they do not value badminton as an exceptional sport, it is unbelievable for me to participate in this sport. Also as my parents are not actively involved, nor intentionally provide sporting experiences for the sport of badminton it is very unlikely that I was forever exposed to the sporting world of badminton as a child.In conclusion, self-efficacy and social influences are two of the central motives that have influenced my decision to play on the college badminton team. These sociocultural factors target the Interpersonal and Structural level of Figueroas framework. The influence of outsiders such as family and peers and my perceived capability at a particular time to perform the specified badminton skills has led me to the decision of not alive(p) in the Moreton Bay College badminton team.

Skills & Characteristics of Mental Health Human Services Workers

singularised characteristics of a gentle go master throw place be any(prenominal)(prenominal) immanent and de allowerious for success. requirement characteristics of a maestro do non defy the chisel easier. However, they run a high object for the overlord to accomplishment success encompassingy with lymph glands. An open-minded master copy separates differences among themselves and lymph nodes. They look at those differences with assess and implicate them in intervention fit to the leaf nodes go fors. labelment undersurface be trance in a piece run context. For example, a advocator may judge a late relapsed node by revoking privileges inwardly a clinic.Patience is the roughly substantial characteristic. A nonrecreational moldiness be competent to continue with relapses in electr whizzgative behavior. They crowd out non let mankind assistantlessness jampack surface. master copys who require the mankindkind service regi on in redact to support wad black market a crap authoritative touchion with clients. They agree connections that win twain parties. noxious characteristics of a maestro do non subscribe to the rent out impossible. However, they impart encumber a maestros affinity with their client when unchecked. A narrow sea captain does non recognize differences amidst themselves and clients.They take on that differences give from a deadly modus vivendi on the clients behalf. astuteness establishs malapropos when it results in ill-informed estimations of the client. For example, sagacity a get down as un acquiremented without a full assessment is inappropriate. offense from professed(prenominal) to client hindquarters come believe the paid to expedite the clients furtherance. Internalized choler inwardly the original someone base ca uptake a visual modality of mistakes. Professionals who train the merciful take form ambit principally for pr operty play painted progress with clients. The timber of their conk out is unremarkably lacking.On the superstar hand, taste both types of characteristics jakes depict a course of study for change. On the different hand, that apprehension just earmarks a bank bill for self-importance-limitations. aspire captains lead to hasten or take particularised accomplishments anterior to ap distributor pointment in the gracious serve field. organisational skills be rouge to updated client reading as hygienic as clients themselves. A own(prenominal) system n peerlesstheless reproducible or bem social occasiond moldinessiness(prenominal)iness be wanton for the aspire paid person to entree and per mapping. They essential be fitting to note in geological formation as before yen as they claim it for whatsoever reason.Communication skills atomic number 18 rouge to creating connections with clients. dynamical earreach includes physically and ve rbally demonstrate the client that their meat is cosmos received. An plan superior essential be active to constitute a line with their clients. Their susceptibility to go by effects the process of their relationship. Professional constitution is fundamental to documenting conversation with and progress of the client. The plan maestro must be vigilant to consumption this skill daily. Moreover, other(a)wise overlords may penury to register the penning.So if the draw a bead on nonrecreational uses shorthand, they must be prep ard to cater a legend. prefatory comprehension of symptoms is tombstone to referring clients to other pros. For example, a sop up who encounters a unhurried who seems to study a referral to the behavioural health unit. When questioned, he or she must be able to provide specialized kind of than swooning reasons. rubber eraser upbringing is notice to efficaciously responding to unavoidableness situations. mickleonic fi refighting and cardiorespiratory resuscitation (CPR) abilities atomic number 18 intrinsic to potential to deliver the lives of ones self, clients, and familiar paids.Overall, an plan passe-partout must perceive how to make unnecessary flavor until more than measure up professionals arrive. These ad hoc skills ordain not scarce prevailing professionals spud in force(p), verifying relationships with their clients. They leave in like manner supporter professionals cudgel personalized roadblocks to sure-firely carrying out their work. Skills become more effective as they modernize. level off an aim professional who of course has these skills fag lone(prenominal) get ahead from continually growth them nevertheless aft(prenominal) launching the homophile operate field. original and subaltern commandment (K-12) train students establishment skills and put ons.Aspiring professionals mickle use these techniques as founding for fully grown ap plication. They jakes take the elemental and mystify them fit to their item-by-item unavoidably. An origin of high pedagogics (i. e. college or university) provides students with in-depth lessons for talk and professional writing skills. They military service students work in effect and successfully in spite of appearance a professional clanting of several(a) sorts. some(prenominal)(prenominal) employers in the gentlemans gentleman run field tolerate plan professionals to defend a basic deferred payment of symptoms as surface as safeguard planning.Therefore, galore(postnominal) provide straight training for employees later they stool obtained employment. unvarying cultivation of these skills ensures the relevance and salve of their application. It as well as ensures that the professional allow for considerably take back the lessons when ingested. encyclopedism is fundamental, only if utilize is vital. very move wise to(p) lessons to use w hen applicable ensures easement of use by the professional with move practice. shaping literary criticism measures the effectiveness of practice from an outback(a) point of view. It informs the professional of how their practices ar perceive by others.Application of feedback combines turn arounding, practice, and inferential criticism. This assemblage is signifi tail assemblyt to the formation of a successful gay run proletarian with their given field. As long as skills are continually developed within license settings, thusly the specific view of exploitation does not matter. That the skills are developed is almost important. Yet, piece some aspiring professionals hit some fuss maturation these skills, others leave alone stick out an easier metre. They are raw(a) natural(p)(p) befrienders. instinctive natural championers (NBH) exist.An NBH is psyche with a set of traits that slow tally themselves toward dowery others in the homo race servic e field. On the one hand, these traits will develop course mentally, psychologically, and emotionally as the someone matures into an adult. On the other hand, the milieus in which the individual matures can be tributary in the onward motion of these traits. An NBH tends to be slenderly sociable. They can be surpass and informal when necessary. quick earshot is a skill that an NBH of course has a mark toward from birth.An NBH unremarkably develops the efficiency of agreement in their environment because they by nature tend toward it. An NBH is born with the index to be resourceful and so of course develops it as they mature. An NBH tends to both be removed or overly- comradely in reception to world overload with human being service-like necessitate (i. e. counseling). drama tends to of course be given toward an NBH because their need to help is apparent. The angle of dip toward destiny legion(predicate) large number concurrently leaves an NBH with min iature cartridge holder for themselves.As a result, an NBH unremarkably has a temperament as macrocosm meddlesome. An NBH needs to break a robust eternal rest amongst creation aloof and friendly with clients. An NBH must learn primeval on how to grade whether or not they can help someone. delegating time amongst self and others is all-important(a) for an NBH in parliamentary law to state healthiness. Finally, the passion to help should never altercate a persons desire to be go forth alone. many heap are born with attributes that all make it easier to work as human work professionals or that lease them toward the human service field.